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Using others' work. What is the difference between direct quotes, paraphrasing, citing and referencing? These phrases mean: Quoting : copying the exact words of the original text, using quotation marks and the author's name. This can be from a book or an article on a reading list. Referencing : refers to publications included in the bibliography. When to use direct quotes There are various reasons to use direct quotations in academic writing.
Direct quotes are useful for defining or describing specific concepts, whereas paraphrasing or summarising information from other sources shows that you understand the content and general idea. Try to summarise resources in most of your work and use direct quotes when they'll have a strong impact. You should make it clear that you understand the quote and its context, and justify why you've used a quotes instead of paraphrasing.
Explore referencing at Portsmouth Find out how to reference your sources at the Library website. When possible, try to paraphrase or use an indirect quote to avoid seeming lazy with your writing. Quote important evidence. Quotations can be particularly helpful for an argumentative or study-based research paper, as you can use them to provide direct evidence for an important point you are making.
Add oomph to your position by quoting someone who also backs it, with good reason. Be sure to elaborate on their point after quoting though, rather than just dropping it into your essay without further discussion. Be clear when using quotes. Although helpful at times, quotes that have not been clearly attributed can be confusing and out of place. Make sure your quote is given context before stating it. Although you should have a citation involved as well, it is important to make it clear to the reader that the ideas you are presenting are those of someone else.
Include bibliographic information at the end of the paper. A "Works Cited" page, or other bibliographic source page, is used at the end of the paper to list full publishing information on each quoted source. It depends on the required format. The example uses MLA which requires the author and page number in parentheses following the quote with the full citation listed on a separate sheet as a bibliography. Other styles require different citations.
Not Helpful 0 Helpful In the body of a thesis paper, how many quotes should be used in each paragraph? You could use around one to two quotes per paragraph.
This keeps them on topic and keeps the paragraphs from becoming too long. Not Helpful 1 Helpful 5. You need to lead into the quote and then follow up with additional information.
Not Helpful 0 Helpful 2. Include the source of publication, title, link of retrieving information etc. Not Helpful 0 Helpful 0. Not Helpful 0 Helpful 1. Include your email address to get a message when this question is answered. Keep a list of quotations as you take research notes, and star your favorites to return later. Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0. Watch for quotations that are quoted by other researchers again and again.
Often secondary material will give you hints to finding the best parts of the primary sources. Quote the opposition so that you can directly pick apart their argument. It's easier to argue against someone if you're using exactly what they said and pointing out its flaws. Otherwise, the opposition can claim that you simply twisted their meaning. Rely on their words and attack directly. Be very careful when copying quotations down.
Don't think you'll remember that something is a direct quote without using quotation marks in your notes. Make sure you copy exactly, not how you'll write it in the paper. You can edit later. Don't let a research paper become a sea of he-said, she-said. While you want to set up the arguments that have been made on both sides in the past, you also want to make a compelling argument for yourself.
Rephrasing, re-organizing an argument, and synthesizing different arguments in your own words makes it clear that you understand what you've researched and makes the paper interesting to read. The reader is searching for a new way to understand the research or a new idea. Too many quotes tend to bury the lead. Helpful 1 Not Helpful 0. Don't rely too heavily on one source. Yes 15 No Berkeley College Library LibAnswers. Warning: Your browser has javascript disabled. Without javascript some functions will not work, including question submission via the form.
How do I put a quote in my paper? Toggle menu visibility. Ask Another Question. Contact a Librarian. Estrogen, schmestrogen! J Nutrition 33 6 Physiological effects of estrogen on mouse courtship behavior. J Physiol 40 2 Physiological effects of estrogen analogs: Insincere courtship xxxx behavior in female mice. J Physiol 40 8 Each model is shown as the full citation plus the in-text citation format. Journal Article: Single author. Physiological effects of estrogen on mouse courtship Bugjuice OR Bugjuice Timm, T.
The role of whisker length in mouse J Physiol 61 3 The role of estrogen in J Physiol 2 6 Bugjuice et al. Author s Unknown or Not Named. If the authorship of a paper or other document is not provided, cite the author using the word "Anonymous" in the place of the authors name s.
Department, Popville, Maine. Anonymous OR Anonymous Gumwad, G. Behavior patterns of mice. New York: Harper
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