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Science Coronavirus Coverage How antivirals may change the course of the pandemic. Travel A road trip in Burgundy reveals far more than fine wine. Travel My Hometown In L. Travel The last artists crafting a Thai royal treasure. Subscriber Exclusive Content. Clipper is scheduled to launch in and arrive in orbit around Jupiter in The probe will then make about 50 close flybys of Europa over four Earth years, characterizing the moon's subsurface ocean, studying its icy shell and scouting out good touchdown sites for a future life-hunting lander, among other tasks.
Some of Clipper's observations could help researchers determine if volcanoes do indeed burble on Europa's ocean floor, temporarily lighting up the deep-sea dark with orange-red flashes of molten rock.
Scientists also suspect that hydrothermal vents may exist on the Saturn moon Enceladus , which is, like Europa, an ice-covered ocean world. But there are no Enceladus missions on the books at the moment, so we may have to wait a while to get deep answers about that intriguing, geyser-spewing moon. As Jupiter rotates, it takes its magnetic field around with it, sweeping past Io and stripping off about 1 ton 1, kilograms of Io's material every second.
This material becomes ionized in the magnetic field and forms a doughnut-shaped cloud of intense radiation referred to as a plasma torus. Some of the ions are pulled into Jupiter's atmosphere along the magnetic lines of force and create auroras in the planet's upper atmosphere.
It is the ions escaping from this torus that inflate Jupiter's magnetosphere to over twice the size we would expect. Io was discovered on Jan. The discovery, along with three other Jovian moons, was the first time a moon was discovered orbiting a planet other than Earth. The discovery of the four Galilean satellites eventually led to the understanding that planets in our solar system orbit the Sun, instead of our solar system revolving around Earth.
Galileo apparently had observed Io on Jan. Galileo's naming system would be used for a couple of centuries. It wouldn't be until the mids that the names of the Galilean moons, Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto, would be officially adopted, and only after it became apparent that naming moons by number would be very confusing as new additional moons were being discovered. In mythology, Io is a mortal woman transformed into a cow during a marital dispute between the Greek god Zeus—Jupiter in Roman mythology—and his wife, Juno.
Introduction Jupiter's rocky moon Io is the most volcanically active world in the solar system, with hundreds of volcanoes, some erupting lava fountains dozens of miles or kilometers high. Currently, Io has active volcanoes and is touted to be the innermost moon of the gaseous-giant planet Jupiter.
Further, Imke de Pater, a professor at the University of California hinted that the gaseous atmosphere on the surface of the Moon can be attributed to the presence of a large number of volcanoes. As a consequence, it has been deciphered by the scientists that the atmosphere of Io is mostly composed of Sulphur Dioxide although the source of emanation of the gas is yet to be confirmed.
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